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Radiology Today
E-Newsletter    January 2023
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Editor's E-Note

Acute chest pain is an alarming symptom that may or may not signal a life-threatening medical condition. With emergency departments already dealing with high patient volumes and many hospitals experiencing a shortage of beds, quickly and effectively triaging which patients need immediate care is essential. To that end, a new AI model has shown promising results in helping physicians with this task by using chest X-rays to predict adverse outcomes. Read more in this month's e-News Exclusive.

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— Dave Yeager, editor
In This E-Newsletter
E-News Exclusive
Researchers Use AI to Triage Patients With Chest Pain

AI may help improve care for patients who show up at the hospital with acute chest pain, according to a study published in Radiology. The deep-learning tool significantly improved prediction of adverse outcomes.

“To the best of our knowledge, our deep learning AI model is the first to utilize chest X-rays to identify individuals among acute chest pain patients who need immediate medical attention,” says the study’s lead author, Márton Kolossváry, MD, PhD, radiology research fellow at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) in Boston.

Acute chest pain syndrome may consist of tightness, burning, or other discomfort in the chest or a severe pain that spreads to your back, neck, shoulders, arms, or jaw. It may be accompanied by shortness of breath. Acute chest pain syndrome accounts for over 7 million emergency department (ED) visits annually in the United States, making it one of the most common complaints. Fewer than 8% of these patients are diagnosed with the three major cardiovascular causes of acute chest pain syndrome, which are acute coronary syndrome, pulmonary embolism, or aortic dissection. However, the life-threatening nature of these conditions and low specificity of clinical tests lead to substantial use of cardiovascular and pulmonary diagnostic imaging, often yielding negative results.

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Other Imaging News
Myth: AI Will Replace Diagnostic Radiology Jobs
A study published in Academic Radiology revealed that students are concerned AI will affect the number of available radiology jobs. An expert says that’s not true.

MRI Ultrasound Reduces Pain for Patients With Bone Metastases
A nonrandomized phase II trial in Italy revealed that MRI-guided focused ultrasound reduces pain and improves quality of life for patients with bone metastases.

AI Improves Brain Imaging Quality of Low-Field MR Scans
With their low spatial resolution and low signal-to-noise, low-field-strength MRI systems have the potential to revolutionize neuroimaging. AI is helping researchers achieve this goal.
Worth Repeating
“Ringlike peripheral high iodine concentration had excellent interobserver agreement, showed high specificity (albeit poor sensitivity) for differentiating pulmonary metastasis from primary lung cancer, and independently predicted pulmonary metastasis. Iodine concentration maps from DECT [dual-energy CT] could help determine the diagnosis for lesions that are equivocal for pulmonary metastasis on conventional images.”

Yoshinao Sato, MD, PhD, of the Diagnostic Imaging Center at Japan’s Cancer Institute Hospital in Tokyo, and lead author of a study published in the American Journal of Roentgenology regarding a new CT iodine concentration that improves lung cancer detection
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